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What are the different types of tests used in assessment

Diagnostic assessments: These are administered at the beginning of a course, topic, or unit to gauge students' prior knowledge, opinions, and biases. They help teachers plan instruction based on students' existing understanding.

Formative assessments: These are ongoing assessments that provide feedback to both students and teachers about learning progress during the instructional process. Examples include quizzes, discussions, and observational notes.

Summative assessments: These are typically administered at the end of a unit or course to evaluate student learning, achievement, and mastery of the content or skills. Examples include tests, projects, and presentations.

Norm-referenced assessments: These compare a student's performance to that of a larger group or norm. Standardized tests are often norm-referenced.

Criterion-referenced assessments: These measure a student's performance against a predetermined standard or benchmark, rather than comparing them to their peers.

Ipsative assessments: These measure a student's progress and performance against their own previous results, focusing on individual growth and improvement over time.

Alternative assessments: These go beyond traditional paper-and-pencil tests and include observations, portfolios, performances, and other authentic demonstrations of learning.

The choice of assessment type depends on the purpose, content, and context of the evaluation, as well as the desired information about student learning.

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